Over the last 50 years, scientists have conducted cloning experiments in a wide range of animals using a variety of techniques. Reproductive cloning may require the use of a surrogate mother to allow development of the cloned embryo, as was the case for the most famous cloned organism, Dolly the sheep.
This young animal is referred to as a clone.
Ultimately, the adult female gives birth to an animal that has the same genetic make up as the animal that donated the somatic cell. In both processes, the egg is allowed to develop into an early-stage embryo in the test-tube and then is implanted into the womb of an adult female animal. In the second approach, they use an electrical current to fuse the entire somatic cell with the empty egg. In the first method, they remove the DNA-containing nucleus of the somatic cell with a needle and inject it into the empty egg. Researchers can add the DNA from the somatic cell to the empty egg in two different ways. They then transfer the DNA of the donor animal's somatic cell into an egg cell, or oocyte, that has had its own DNA-containing nucleus removed.
CLONE X USE FOR CLONES SKIN
In reproductive cloning, researchers remove a mature somatic cell, such as a skin cell, from an animal that they wish to copy.
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